本文選題：“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題　切入點(diǎn)：財(cái)政政策　出處：《武漢大學(xué)》2005年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),愈益嚴(yán)峻的“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題已成為我國(guó)現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程整體推進(jìn)的最大“瓶頸”約束。隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展進(jìn)入新的階段,適時(shí)解決“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題已成為全社會(huì)的共識(shí)。進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)以來(lái),政府的確采取了大量的政策調(diào)整和改革措施,朝著解決“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題的方向不斷的努力。勿庸諱言的是,雖然有局部緩解,但從總體上看,“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題并沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)根本好轉(zhuǎn)的勢(shì)頭。并且,就在我們花大力氣解決問(wèn)題的時(shí)候,我們的城鄉(xiāng)收入差距還不合理的擴(kuò)大了。這促使我們重新審視為解決“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題所進(jìn)行的所有政策調(diào)整和改革措施是否存在重大偏差和失誤。 本文正是在這種理性審視的基礎(chǔ)上研究解決“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題的財(cái)政政策。文章首先論述了財(cái)政政策支持“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題的必要性和緊迫性;其次,分析了我國(guó)現(xiàn)行財(cái)政支農(nóng)政策中存在的問(wèn)題;其次,通過(guò)回顧建國(guó)以來(lái)財(cái)政支農(nóng)政策的演變歷程,追根溯源,分析“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生的深層原因;最后,針對(duì)現(xiàn)行政策中存在的問(wèn)題,并借鑒國(guó)外支農(nóng)政策的經(jīng)驗(yàn),提出相應(yīng)的財(cái)政政策建議。 我的結(jié)論是,從一定意義上講,目前的“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題已經(jīng)和過(guò)去的農(nóng)業(yè)問(wèn)題發(fā)生了質(zhì)的變化,如果說(shuō)過(guò)去的農(nóng)業(yè)問(wèn)題主要表現(xiàn)在宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)層面上的諸如糧食產(chǎn)量、農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)等問(wèn)題的話,則現(xiàn)在的“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題已經(jīng)從單純的國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展問(wèn)題演變成一個(gè)以收入分配、公平待遇為核心的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題。因此,中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)的周期性波動(dòng)不是主要由供求關(guān)系等市場(chǎng)力量所決定的,而是主要由政策偏差和政府行為的不良偏好所決定的。建國(guó)初至今的財(cái)政政策偏差是“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生的根源,農(nóng)民的末等公民地位是農(nóng)業(yè)和農(nóng)村不景氣的深層原因。只有轉(zhuǎn)變觀念,打破城鄉(xiāng)藩籬,取消“一國(guó)兩策”,取消任何形式的身份歧視,給農(nóng)民以同等的國(guó)民待遇,改革不平等的財(cái)政體制,才是解決“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題的治本之策。從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)和全局看,要根本解決“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題有必要將尚未徹底完成的農(nóng)村改革進(jìn)一步推向深入。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the increasingly severe problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers" has become the biggest "bottleneck" constraint for the overall advancement of China's modernization process. As China's economic development enters a new stage, Since 21th century, the government has indeed adopted a large number of policy adjustments and reform measures, and has been making continuous efforts in the direction of solving the "three rural" problems. Although there has been partial relief, on the whole, the "three rural" problems have not shown a fundamental improvement. And, just as we are making great efforts to solve the problems, Our income gap between urban and rural areas has been widened unreasonably. This has prompted us to re-examine whether there are any major deviations and mistakes in all the policy adjustments and reform measures to solve the "three rural" problems. On the basis of this rational examination, this paper studies the fiscal policy to solve the problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers". Firstly, the article discusses the necessity and urgency of fiscal policy to support the problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers"; secondly, This paper analyzes the problems existing in the current financial policy of supporting agriculture in our country; secondly, by reviewing the evolution of the policy of supporting agriculture in finance since the founding of the people's Republic of China, and tracing back to the source, it analyzes the deep causes of the problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers". In view of the problems existing in the current policies and drawing lessons from the experience of foreign agricultural support policies, the corresponding fiscal policy suggestions are put forward. My conclusion is that, in a certain sense, the current "three rural" problems have undergone qualitative changes with the past agricultural problems. If the agricultural problems of the past were mainly manifested in macroeconomic aspects such as grain production, In the case of agricultural industries, the current "three rural" problems have evolved from a simple coordinated development of the national economy to a social and economic problem with income distribution and fair treatment as the core. The cyclical fluctuations in Chinese agriculture are not mainly determined by market forces such as supply and demand. It is mainly determined by the policy deviation and the bad preference of the government's behavior. The fiscal policy deviation from the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China to the present is the root cause of the problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers". The ultimate civil status of peasants is the deep cause of the recession in agriculture and rural areas. Only by changing ideas, breaking down barriers between urban and rural areas, abolishing "one country, two policies", abolishing any form of identity discrimination, giving farmers equal national treatment, The reform of the unequal financial system is the solution to the problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers". In the long run and the overall situation, it is necessary to push the rural reform which has not yet been completed thoroughly to further deepen in the long run and the overall situation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2005
【分類號(hào)】：F812.0

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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2 王龍;;財(cái)政資金支持新農(nóng)村建設(shè)的職能作用[J];科技經(jīng)濟(jì)市場(chǎng);2006年12期

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1 董嵐;農(nóng)村公共產(chǎn)品供給的財(cái)政法問(wèn)題研究[D];湖南大學(xué);2007年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前4條

1 DAFITSE ALAIN FREDERIC（阿拉）;中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)財(cái)政政策及其對(duì)馬達(dá)加斯加的啟示[D];吉林大學(xué);2011年

2 陳湃然;我國(guó)財(cái)政支農(nóng)政策研究[D];中共中央黨校;2011年

3 于立俊;促進(jìn)農(nóng)民增收的財(cái)政政策研究[D];上海交通大學(xué);2008年

4 袁春煜;新農(nóng)村建設(shè)背景下我國(guó)財(cái)政支農(nóng)政策評(píng)估與完善[D];安徽大學(xué);2010年

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本文編號(hào)：1619513