發(fā)布時間：2020-12-16 03:44

　　了解土壤中不同形態(tài)的碳,有機碳的分子特征以及對農作物系統(tǒng)中水穩(wěn)性團聚體的貢獻,對于維持農業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的土壤質量和環(huán)境可持續(xù)性至關重要。秸稈還田,施肥和免耕等保護管理措施可顯著改變土壤中有機碳（SOC）的含量、活性以及土壤中的水穩(wěn)性團聚體,但這些耕作措施對稻-油輪作系統(tǒng)中土壤有機碳的含量以及質量的綜合影響研究相對較少。本文選取了湖北省武穴市、荊州市、以及武漢市3個稻-油輪作長期定位試驗點,每個試驗點各有4種處理。其中武穴試驗點的4種處理分別為傳統(tǒng)耕作（CT）、傳統(tǒng)耕作+秸稈還田（CTS）、免耕（NT）以及免耕+秸稈還田（NTS）。荊州試驗點的4種處理分別為傳統(tǒng)耕作（CT）,傳統(tǒng)耕作+鉀肥（CTK）,傳統(tǒng)耕作+秸稈還田（CTS）,傳統(tǒng)耕作+鉀肥+秸稈還田（CTKS）。武漢試驗點的4種處理分別為傳統(tǒng)耕作（CT）、傳統(tǒng)耕作+NPK肥（CTNPK）,傳統(tǒng)耕作+秸稈還田（CTS）,傳統(tǒng)耕作+秸稈還田+NPK肥（CTSNPK）。每個試驗點探討了秸稈還田對土壤有機碳（SOC）、顆粒有機碳（POC）、微生物有機碳（MBC）、易氧化有機碳（EOC）、溶解有機碳（DOC）、土壤碳管理指數(shù)（SCMI）以及水穩(wěn)性... 

【文章來源】：華中農業(yè)大學湖北省 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：125 頁

【學位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
Abbreviations
Abstract
摘要
1 Introduction
    1.1 Background and rationale
    1.2 Soil organic carbon and crop rotation system
    1.3 Effects of straw returning on SOC and soil properties
    1.4 Effect of straw returning on SOC characteristics and chemical composition
    1.5 Effect of straw returning and no-tillage on water stable aggregates
    1.6 Effect of straw returning and no-tillage on SOC of soil aggregates
    1.7 Purposes of the study
2 Materials and methods
    2.1 Description of experimental sites and design
        2.1.1 Wuxue site
        2.1.2 Jingzhou site
        2.1.3 Whan site
    2.2 Crop management
    2.3 Soil sampling
    2.4 Water-stable aggregate separation and determination
    2.5 Analytical methods and calculations
        2.5.1 Initial soil characterization
        2.5.2 Soil organic carbon and labile C fractions
13C NMR Spectra analysis">        2.5.3 CPMAS ¹³C NMR Spectra analysis
        2.5.4 Fourier-transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy analysis
        2.5.5 Carbon content analysis by SEM/EDX
        2.5.6 SOC stocks quantification
        2.5.7 Soil carbon management index （SCMI）
    2.6 Statistical analysis
3 Results
    3.1 Effects of straw returning on SOC and labile C fractions
        3.1.1 Soil organic carbon （SOC）
        3.1.2 Microbial biomass carbon （MBC）
        3.1.3 Dissolved organic carbon （DOC）
        3.1.4 Particulate organic carbon （POC）
        3.1.5 Easily oxidizable carbon （EOC）
    3.2 Soil carbon management index （SCMI）
    3.3 Effects of straw returning on soil organic carbon stocks
    3.4 Effects of straw returning on chemical composition of SOC
    3.5 Water stable aggregates and their stability indices
    3.6 Effects of straw returning on SOC contents in aggregates
    3.7 Effect of straw returning on the structure of soil aggregates
    3.8 C content analysis by SEM/EDX
    3.9 Correlations of SOC with C fractions, aggregates and chemical composition
        3.9.1 Correlations among SOC, C fractions and SCMI
        3.9.2 Relationships of SOC with different soil aggregates
        3.9.3 Relationships among C fractions and chemical composition
        3.9.4 Relationships of aggregates with chemical composition of SOC
4 Discussion
    4.1 Effect of straw returning on SOC contents and stocks
    4.2 Effect of straw returning on SOC organic C fractions
    4.3 Effect of straw returning on soil carbon management index （SCMI）
    4.4 Effect of straw returning on chemical composition of SOC
    4.5 Relationship among SOC, C fractions and chemical composition
    4.6 Effects of straw returning on soil water stable aggregates
    4.7 Relationship between soil organic carbon and soil aggregates
5 Conclusion and novelty of study
    5.1 Conclusion
    5.2 Novelty of study
6 Future perspectives
7 Publications
    7.1 Papers and Abstracts relating to this work
    7.2 Other papers
References
Acknowledgements



本文編號：2919468