【摘要】：隨著改革開放序幕的拉開,市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制逐漸得以確立,在此期間所伴隨的不僅僅是國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅猛發(fā)展,還包括了社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)的重塑性調(diào)整以及利益格局的巨大改變。在這一轉(zhuǎn)型階段,部分社會(huì)群體之利益遭受到極大的損害,產(chǎn)生了所謂的弱勢(shì)群體問題。更嚴(yán)重的是,弱勢(shì)群體在規(guī)模上以及程度上呈現(xiàn)出進(jìn)一步惡化的趨勢(shì),已經(jīng)對(duì)深化改革構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重障礙,對(duì)社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定與繁榮構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重威脅。 對(duì)我國(guó)而言,弱勢(shì)群體保護(hù)問題已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)今社會(huì)亟待解決的突出問題,已經(jīng)引起了社會(huì)各界的廣泛關(guān)注。但是,由于弱勢(shì)群體概念的學(xué)科交叉性與外延的復(fù)雜性,常常難以準(zhǔn)確定位,更難以談及周延保護(hù)。加之相關(guān)理論依據(jù)的不清與現(xiàn)實(shí)依據(jù)的不明,本應(yīng)在現(xiàn)階段行政承擔(dān)重要責(zé)任的行政法常常被人們忽視,或未引起足足夠重視。加之現(xiàn)有制度仍存在一定弊端,串聯(lián)性、過渡性以及承接性機(jī)制仍停留于口號(hào)、理念層面,以致于這一問題相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)階段內(nèi)呈現(xiàn)出惡化趨勢(shì)。本文試圖在明確弱勢(shì)群體概念的基礎(chǔ)上,明晰弱勢(shì)群體行政法保護(hù)的理論與現(xiàn)實(shí)依據(jù),并思考完善現(xiàn)有制度、創(chuàng)新應(yīng)有制度的方略。 本文一共分為四部分。第一部分為是弱勢(shì)群體的概念界定,通過追溯國(guó)外最早提出的“弱勢(shì)群體”概念,在交叉學(xué)科的基礎(chǔ)上比較國(guó)內(nèi)相關(guān)定義以明確弱勢(shì)群體的定義,并在梳理弱勢(shì)群體分類的基礎(chǔ)上制定相對(duì)靈活嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)耐庋咏缍?biāo)準(zhǔn)。第二部分從現(xiàn)實(shí)主導(dǎo)性、優(yōu)勢(shì)等角度闡述了弱勢(shì)群體行政法保護(hù)的應(yīng)然性。第三部分則從理論層面分析弱勢(shì)行政法保護(hù)的依據(jù),并從現(xiàn)實(shí)層面介紹了弱勢(shì)群體行政法保護(hù)的現(xiàn)狀,通過明確其中的不足之處逐漸梳理出完善行政給付制度、構(gòu)建社會(huì)保障幫扶體系兩條主線。第四部分首先明確了嘗試政府與社會(huì)“兩條腿”走路過程中所應(yīng)遵循基本原則理念,隨后分別針對(duì)行政給付制度的完善,以及社會(huì)幫扶機(jī)制的構(gòu)建進(jìn)行了一些嘗試性思考。
[Abstract]:With the opening of the reform and opening up, the market economy system has been gradually established. During this period, not only the rapid development of the national economy, but also the restructuring of the social structure and great changes in the pattern of interests. In this transition period, the interests of some social groups suffered great damage, resulting in the so-called vulnerable groups. More seriously, the vulnerable groups have shown a trend of further deterioration in scale and extent, which has already constituted a serious obstacle to deepening reform and posed a serious threat to social stability and prosperity. For our country, the protection of vulnerable groups has become a prominent problem that needs to be solved, and has attracted wide attention from all walks of life. However, due to the complexity of the subject intersection and extension of the concept of vulnerable groups, it is often difficult to locate accurately and even more difficult to talk about circumference protection. In addition, the relevant theoretical basis is unclear and the realistic basis is unclear, so the administrative law, which should bear the important responsibility at the present stage, is often ignored by people, or has not attracted enough attention. In addition, there are still some drawbacks in the existing system, such as series, transition and acceptance mechanism, which still remain at the slogan level and the concept level, so that the problem presents a worsening trend in a long period of time. On the basis of defining the concept of vulnerable groups, this paper attempts to clarify the theoretical and practical basis of the protection of administrative law for vulnerable groups, and to think about how to perfect the existing system and innovate the existing system. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part is the definition of the vulnerable group. By tracing the concept of "vulnerable group" put forward by foreign countries, the author compares the relevant domestic definitions on the basis of interdiscipline to clarify the definition of the vulnerable group. And on the basis of combing the classification of vulnerable groups, it makes a relatively flexible and rigorous extension definition standard. The second part expounds the nature of the protection of administrative law of vulnerable groups from the angle of reality leading and advantage. The third part analyzes the basis of the protection of the weak administrative law from the theoretical level, and introduces the current situation of the protection of the administrative law of the vulnerable groups from the practical level. Build social security help system two main lines. The fourth part firstly clarifies the basic principle idea which should be followed in the process of trying the government and the society "two legs", and then carries on some tentative thoughts on the perfection of the administrative payment system and the construction of the social help mechanism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D922.1

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本文編號(hào)：2135030