發(fā)布時間：2018-06-04 22:43

  本文選題：法國 + 大學校��； 參考：《河北大學》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：法國作為歐洲高等教育近代化的先驅(qū),具有悠久的高等教育歷史,并且有一個不同于歐洲各國乃至全世界的獨到之處,即具備大學校和大學兩個并行的高等教育軌制。法國發(fā)展高等教育近代化的重要途徑之一,就是通過創(chuàng)立大量的新型高等教育機構(gòu)——區(qū)別于傳統(tǒng)大學的,按照國家意圖為適應工業(yè)發(fā)展需要而建立的�？茖W校,即大學校的前身,最終加速完成了高等教育近代化進程。從波旁王朝后期到拿破侖執(zhí)政時期,是法國大學校的早期發(fā)展階段。法國大革命爆發(fā)之前,由于國家重商主義政策的推動,工程人才的需求擴大,中世紀大學的保守不再適應經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的需要,以培養(yǎng)應用型人才為目標的�？茖W校應運而生,即為大學校的起源。法國資產(chǎn)階級政權(quán)的建立是法國高等教育近代化得以展開的重要前提,從1789年法國大革命開始,法國的高等教育重心逐漸轉(zhuǎn)移,政府的宏觀干預和調(diào)控對高等教育發(fā)展具有舉足輕重的影響,�？茖W校作為新型高等教育機構(gòu)完全擺脫了傳統(tǒng)的辦學思想和課程模式。到拿破侖時期,政府通過立法等一系列教育政策和行政手段關(guān)閉不合乎時代潮流的中世紀傳統(tǒng)大學,恢復、改造并創(chuàng)建了一批專科學校,促使應用型�？茖W校進入了興盛時期,從此近代自然科學課程不折不扣地進入法國高等教育的教學活動之中,引起了辦學思想、培養(yǎng)目標、課程及專業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的根本性變化,形成了獨具一格的精英辦學特色和實用教育風格,促使法國高等教育的發(fā)展進入了一個嶄新的時代。顯而易見,這些專科學校的成立,促使了法國“雙軌制”高等教育制度的形成和發(fā)展,培養(yǎng)了大批能夠獨擋一面的精英人才,為促進法國高等教育多樣化發(fā)展埋下了伏筆,同時也對世界其他國家的工科教育產(chǎn)生了深遠的影響。
[Abstract]:As a pioneer of higher education modernization in Europe, France has a long history of higher education and has a unique feature different from European countries and even the whole world, that is, it has two parallel systems of higher education: universities and universities. One of the important ways to develop the modernization of higher education in France is through the creation of a large number of new types of higher education institutions, different from traditional universities, which have been established in accordance with the national intention to meet the needs of industrial development. That is, the predecessor of the university, finally accelerated the process of modernization of higher education. From the later period of Bourbon Dynasty to the period of Napoleon's reign, it was the early stage of the development of French universities. Before the French Revolution broke out, due to the promotion of the national mercantilism policy and the expansion of the demand for engineering talents, the conservatism of medieval universities no longer adapted to the needs of economic and social development. That is, the origin of big schools. The establishment of the French bourgeois regime was an important prerequisite for the modernization of French higher education. From the beginning of the French Revolution in 1789, the focus of higher education in France gradually shifted. The government's macroscopical intervention and regulation have an important influence on the development of higher education. As a new type of higher education institution, the college completely gets rid of the traditional thought and curriculum mode of running a school. By Napoleon's time, the government closed down the medieval traditional universities, which were out of line with the trend of the times, through a series of educational policies and administrative means, and restored, reformed and established a number of specialized colleges, which prompted the applied colleges to enter into a prosperous period. Since then, the modern natural science curriculum has entered the teaching activities of higher education in France, which has caused a fundamental change in the thought of running a school, the training goal, the curriculum and the professional structure. Formed a unique elite school characteristics and practical education style, to promote the development of higher education in France into a new era. Obviously, the establishment of these colleges and universities promoted the formation and development of France's "two-track" higher education system, cultivated a large number of elite talents who could stand alone, and laid the groundwork for the diversified development of higher education in France. At the same time, it also has a profound impact on the engineering education in other countries of the world.
【學位授予單位】：河北大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G649.565

【相似文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 范玉芳;曹群;;巴黎理工學校[J];高等教育研究學報;2003年01期

2 胡瑞棣;;大學之中的大學 理工學中的王者——巴黎理工學校[J];教育與職業(yè);2013年16期

3 王曉陽;巴黎理工學校[J];知識就是力量;2001年05期

4 ;巴黎理工學校[J];科學中國人;2002年09期

5 黃春香;;法國近代高等工程教育發(fā)展研究——從巴黎理工學校透視法國近代高等工程教育[J];世界教育信息;2007年03期

6 王作權(quán);張仲謀;;法國大學校的辦學特色及其成因探析——以巴黎理工學校為例[J];煤炭高等教育;2010年01期

7 《"德、法工程師文憑"教育研究》課題組;;法國高等工程教育的教育內(nèi)容與培養(yǎng)方法[J];職業(yè)技術(shù)教育研究;2004年05期

8 賀芳玲;世界著名理工大學的特征[J];教育發(fā)展研究;1999年04期

9 劉兵;;與教練員談運動員教育管理案例[J];中國體育教練員;2012年03期

10 梁志;世界一流理工大學人才培養(yǎng)特征分析[J];中國地質(zhì)教育;1996年01期

相關(guān)重要報紙文章 前1條

1 楊舒怡;法“精英高校”拒“招貧”配額[N];新華每日電訊;2010年

相關(guān)博士學位論文 前1條

1 周敏娟;法國大學校早期發(fā)展研究[D];河北大學;2017年

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前1條

1 張琛;法國大學校的傳統(tǒng)與創(chuàng)新[D];華東師范大學;2008年

，

本文編號：1979146