【摘要】：湘西屬于我國(guó)夏熱冬冷氣候區(qū)，自然氣候條件比較特殊，冬夏長(zhǎng)春秋短，夏季悶熱潮濕、冬季寒冷，因此在湘西傳統(tǒng)民居的生態(tài)適應(yīng)性方面必然會(huì)同時(shí)考慮冬、夏兩個(gè)極端的氣候條件。但從現(xiàn)在對(duì)湘西傳統(tǒng)民居生態(tài)適應(yīng)性的研究中可知，很少有人從冬季作為切入點(diǎn)來(lái)對(duì)湘西的傳統(tǒng)民居進(jìn)行研究。本文選擇湘西傳統(tǒng)村落民居冬季的防風(fēng)策略作為研究對(duì)象，通過(guò)文獻(xiàn)閱讀、田野調(diào)研、實(shí)地?cái)?shù)據(jù)測(cè)量、后期CFD軟件模擬等方法對(duì)傳統(tǒng)村落民居中冬季防風(fēng)策略進(jìn)行了深入的探尋與研究。 研究的過(guò)程主要包括五個(gè)階段：（1）通過(guò)文獻(xiàn)閱讀了解國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者對(duì)傳統(tǒng)民居以及湘西傳統(tǒng)民居生態(tài)適應(yīng)性研究的現(xiàn)狀、著重點(diǎn)、方法等，并從中尋找出本文的研究方向和合適的研究方法；（2）通過(guò)對(duì)湘西的自然地理環(huán)境、土家族苗族的傳統(tǒng)村落民居進(jìn)行詳細(xì)分析，總結(jié)出了湘西自然地理環(huán)境的特征以及土家族苗族傳統(tǒng)村落民居中存在的特點(diǎn)，并證明了在湘西獨(dú)特的地理環(huán)境下冬季防風(fēng)保暖的必要性；（3）從湘西傳統(tǒng)土家族、苗族村落中分別選擇一個(gè)具代表意義的村落作為典型研究案例，通過(guò)觀察、繪制簡(jiǎn)圖、口述訪談等方法對(duì)村落的選址、布局、單體建筑、細(xì)部構(gòu)件、宅前綠化五個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的記錄；（4）在調(diào)研的基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)的方法對(duì)兩村落中的布局、單體建筑、宅前綠化進(jìn)行了數(shù)據(jù)測(cè)量，并證明了它們的防風(fēng)能力；（5）通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)模擬的方法對(duì)實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)沒(méi)有進(jìn)行分析的方面和實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)證明了的方面進(jìn)行深入的模擬研究，，并得出最后的防風(fēng)策略。 論文最后以總結(jié)的防風(fēng)策略為依據(jù)提出：湘西的民居建筑在考慮夏季通風(fēng)的同時(shí)也需要考慮冬季的防風(fēng)保暖，并為今后參與湘西新農(nóng)村建設(shè)的設(shè)計(jì)者或建設(shè)者們提供一些當(dāng)?shù)貍鹘y(tǒng)村落民居中存在的比較好的冬季防風(fēng)保暖經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
[Abstract]:Xiangxi belongs to the hot summer and cold winter climate area of our country, the natural climate condition is quite special, the winter and summer Changchun autumn is short, the summer is sultry and humid, the winter is cold, therefore, the ecological adaptability of the traditional residential houses in the west of Hunan must be considered at the same time. Two extreme weather conditions in summer. However, from the study of ecological adaptability of traditional houses in western Hunan, few people study the traditional houses in western Hunan from winter. This paper chooses the wind-proof strategy of traditional villages in western Hunan as the research object, through literature reading, field investigation, field data measurement, In the later stage, CFD software simulation and other methods were used to explore and study the wind-proof strategy in winter in traditional village houses. The research process mainly includes five stages: (1) through literature reading to understand the domestic and foreign scholars of traditional residential houses and the ecological adaptability of Western Hunan traditional residential research status, focus, methods, etc. And find out the research direction of this paper and appropriate research methods; (2) through the detailed analysis of the natural geographical environment of western Hunan and the traditional village houses of Tujia and Miao nationality, this paper summarizes the characteristics of the natural geographical environment of Xiangxi and the characteristics of the traditional village houses of Tu-Miao nationality. It also proves the necessity of keeping winter wind warm in the unique geographical environment of Xiangxi. (3) from the traditional Tujia and Miao villages in western Hunan, select a representative village as a typical case study, through observation, drawing schematic diagram, oral interview and other methods to the village location, layout, single building, detailed components, The five aspects of afforesting in front of the house were recorded in detail; (4) on the basis of investigation and investigation, the layout, single building and afforesting in front of the two villages were measured by the method of measured data, and their wind-proof ability was proved. (5) the method of computer simulation is used to simulate and study the aspects of the measured data which are not analyzed and proved by the measured data, and the final wind-proof strategy is obtained. Finally, based on the wind-proof strategy summarized, the paper puts forward that the residential buildings in western Hunan should take into account the ventilation in summer as well as the wind-proof and warm-keeping in winter. It also provides some good winter wind-proof and warm experience for the designers or builders who participate in the construction of the new countryside in the west of Hunan in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU253

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