【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，環(huán)境問題日益凸顯，如何平衡發(fā)展與生態(tài)之間的關系，走可持續(xù)發(fā)展的道路是人們亟待解決的問題。在水利工程建設中，過去只注重防洪，安全，經(jīng)濟等工程效益，一些傳統(tǒng)護岸工程打破了河流原有的生態(tài)體系，由于其使用的一些硬質材料阻斷了水生生態(tài)環(huán)境與陸生生態(tài)環(huán)境之間的聯(lián)系，導致河流失去其作為生態(tài)廊道的作用，，不利于生態(tài)保護和水土保持。近年來隨著生態(tài)水利的提倡，對于護坡建設不再如以往只注重防洪、防沖等基本的工程性能，還要求其兼顧生態(tài)的保護，這類護坡即為新型生態(tài)護坡。植生型多孔混凝土是一種生態(tài)型護坡材料，不但具有一定的強度，能滿足護坡防洪防沖的需求，還能提供動植物生長的空間，并能實現(xiàn)岸水之間的親水交換，具備一定凈化水質的功能，具有良好的生態(tài)效益。 本文根據(jù)省內具體情況，提出應用于小河流治理中的植生型多孔混凝土應滿足的技術指標。使用體積法以孔隙率為目標值對多孔混凝土配合比進行設計，并制備試塊測量數(shù)據(jù)驗證該方法的可行性，結果證明工程中體積法可用于配合比的設計。通過對不同配合比試塊進行試驗分析，研究各因素對植生型多孔混凝土孔隙率、強度、孔隙環(huán)境pH值的影響性。其中，多孔混凝土組成成分中，膠凝漿體與其孔隙率呈負相關關系，兩者呈良好的線性關系，其中膠凝漿體摻量每增加50kg/m3，孔隙率下降2.4%。骨料粒徑和液灰比與孔隙率呈正相關關系，但影響幅度小，有效孔隙率主要受全孔隙率控制，兩者呈良好2次函數(shù)關系。多孔混凝土強度主要受其目標孔隙率影響，孔隙率越大，強度越小。多孔混凝土中孔隙環(huán)境pH值主要受水泥摻量控制，兩者呈良好線性關系，通過對所設計的多孔混凝土pH值的期望范圍，可以確定其水泥用量的大致范圍，聯(lián)系體積法可用于植生型多孔混凝土配合比的設計中。 參考總結前人關于護坡植草的工藝，探討合適于小河流治理中植生型多孔混凝土護坡的植草工藝。設計不同配合比鋪澆多孔混凝土試驗坡，通過對植物的種植觀察，孔隙孔徑增大對植物的生長有積極作用，并且試驗證明，植物能夠在植生型多孔混凝土護坡上良好的生長。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy in our country, the environmental problems are becoming more and more prominent. How to balance the relationship between development and ecology and take the road of sustainable development is an urgent problem to be solved. In the construction of water conservancy projects, only attention was paid to flood control, safety, economy and other engineering benefits in the past, and some traditional bank protection projects broke the original ecological system of the river. Because some hard materials used in it block the relationship between aquatic ecological environment and terrestrial ecological environment, the river loses its role as an ecological corridor, which is not conducive to ecological protection and soil and water conservation. In recent years, with the promotion of ecological water conservancy, slope protection construction no longer only pays attention to flood control, scour prevention and other basic engineering performance, but also requires it to take into account ecological protection, this kind of slope protection is a new type of ecological slope protection. Vegetation porous concrete is a kind of ecological slope protection material, which not only has certain strength, can meet the needs of slope protection, flood control and scour prevention, but also provides space for the growth of animals and plants, and can realize the hydrophilic exchange between shore water. It has the function of purifying water quality and has good ecological benefit. According to the specific situation in the province, this paper puts forward the technical indexes that should be satisfied in the treatment of small rivers. The volume method is used to design the mixture proportion of porous concrete with porosity as the target value, and the measurement data of test blocks are prepared to verify the feasibility of the method. The results show that the volume method can be used in the design of mix proportion in engineering. Based on the experimental analysis of different mix ratios, the effects of various factors on the porosity, strength and pH value of porous concrete were studied. Among the components of porous concrete, there is a negative correlation between cementitious slurry and its porosity, and there is a good linear relationship between them, in which the porosity decreases by 2.4% when the content of cementitious concrete increases by 50 kg / m ~ 3. There is a positive correlation between aggregate particle size and liquid-cement ratio and porosity, but the influence amplitude is small, and the effective porosity is mainly controlled by the whole porosity, which shows a good quadratic function relationship. The strength of porous concrete is mainly affected by its target porosity, and the greater the porosity, the smaller the strength. The pH value of pore environment in porous concrete is mainly controlled by cement content, and there is a good linear relationship between them. Through the expected range of pH value of porous concrete, the approximate range of cement content can be determined. The contact volume method can be used in the design of the mix proportion of planting porous concrete. Referring to the previous technology of slope protection and grass planting, this paper discusses the grass planting technology suitable for planting porous concrete slope protection in small river control. The experimental slope of porous concrete with different mix proportion is designed. Through the observation of plant planting, the increase of pore size has a positive effect on the growth of plant, and the experimental results show that the plant can grow well on the slope protection of plant-type porous concrete.
【學位授予單位】：南昌工程學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TV85;TV431

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