本文選題：雙語(yǔ)者 + 空間詞匯��； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：以往研究采用跨語(yǔ)言語(yǔ)義啟動(dòng)、詞匯聯(lián)想和對(duì)等翻譯等范式驗(yàn)證了雙語(yǔ)者兩種語(yǔ)言與概念表征的聯(lián)結(jié)的非對(duì)稱性特點(diǎn)。近來(lái)，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)雙語(yǔ)者詞匯與共享語(yǔ)義表征聯(lián)結(jié)的非對(duì)稱現(xiàn)象也存在于空間詞匯加工過(guò)程中。已有研究采用空間詞不對(duì)稱判斷與Simon判斷混合范式，在語(yǔ)言熟練度方面開(kāi)展了非平衡雙語(yǔ)者和二語(yǔ)為優(yōu)勢(shì)語(yǔ)的雙語(yǔ)者的研究，并未采用此范式考察平衡雙語(yǔ)者（兩語(yǔ)言熟練水平相當(dāng)、都達(dá)到了與年齡相適應(yīng)水平的雙語(yǔ)者）兩種語(yǔ)言與語(yǔ)義表征的聯(lián)結(jié)特點(diǎn)。因此，本研究以平衡雙語(yǔ)者為研究對(duì)象，采取空間詞不對(duì)稱判斷與Simon判斷混合范式，從行為層面考察平衡雙語(yǔ)者一語(yǔ)和二語(yǔ)空間詞匯與共享語(yǔ)義表征的聯(lián)結(jié)特點(diǎn)，同時(shí)選用兼具平衡和非平衡特點(diǎn)的蒙-漢-英三語(yǔ)者、漢語(yǔ)為常用語(yǔ)的蒙漢雙語(yǔ)者為研究對(duì)象，在保證被試其他額外因素同質(zhì)的基礎(chǔ)上，探討語(yǔ)言熟練程度和使用經(jīng)驗(yàn)有差異時(shí)，一語(yǔ)和二語(yǔ)空間詞匯與共享語(yǔ)義表征的聯(lián)結(jié)強(qiáng)度是否存在差異。并利用高精度的事件相關(guān)電位技術(shù)考察了語(yǔ)言熟練度對(duì)語(yǔ)義表征連接強(qiáng)度影響的大腦皮層活動(dòng)的變化。 實(shí)驗(yàn)一以平衡蒙漢雙語(yǔ)者為研究對(duì)象，以漢語(yǔ)單語(yǔ)組為對(duì)照，考察平衡熟練雙語(yǔ)者一語(yǔ)和二語(yǔ)的空間詞匯與共享語(yǔ)義表征的聯(lián)結(jié)特點(diǎn)。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，單語(yǔ)組漢語(yǔ)和蒙語(yǔ)條件下Simon效應(yīng)差異顯著，雙語(yǔ)組漢語(yǔ)和蒙語(yǔ)條件下Simon效應(yīng)無(wú)顯著差異，即雙語(yǔ)組漢語(yǔ)和蒙語(yǔ)對(duì)Simon效應(yīng)造成的影響無(wú)差異。 實(shí)驗(yàn)二選取蒙-漢-英三語(yǔ)者為研究對(duì)象，蒙語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)平衡熟練，英語(yǔ)不熟練，借助被試同時(shí)具備熟練語(yǔ)言和非熟練語(yǔ)言的特點(diǎn)考察語(yǔ)言熟練程度是否對(duì)雙語(yǔ)者的語(yǔ)義表征產(chǎn)生影響。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，漢語(yǔ)和蒙語(yǔ)條件下Simon效應(yīng)差異不顯著，即漢語(yǔ)和蒙語(yǔ)對(duì)Simon效應(yīng)的影響無(wú)差異；蒙語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)條件下Simon效應(yīng)差異顯著,蒙語(yǔ)對(duì)Simon效應(yīng)的影響大于英語(yǔ)；漢語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)條件下Simon效應(yīng)差異顯著，漢語(yǔ)對(duì)Simon效應(yīng)的影響大于英語(yǔ)。 實(shí)驗(yàn)三以蒙-漢雙語(yǔ)者為被試，其中二語(yǔ)漢語(yǔ)為常用語(yǔ)言，且二語(yǔ)的熟練程度高于一語(yǔ)，考察當(dāng)二語(yǔ)為常用語(yǔ)言且熟練程度更高時(shí)，之前以一語(yǔ)與共享表征為強(qiáng)聯(lián)結(jié)的語(yǔ)義表征模式是否會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槎Z(yǔ)與共享表征的聯(lián)結(jié)更強(qiáng)。實(shí)驗(yàn)三結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，，漢語(yǔ)和蒙語(yǔ)條件下的Simon效應(yīng)差異顯著，漢語(yǔ)詞匯判斷對(duì)Simon效應(yīng)的影響大于蒙語(yǔ)。 實(shí)驗(yàn)四采用事件相關(guān)電位（ERP）技術(shù)，以蒙-漢-英非熟練三語(yǔ)者為被試，從大腦活動(dòng)的層面考察不同語(yǔ)言熟練程度對(duì)語(yǔ)義表征的影響。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，空間詞匯不對(duì)稱判斷任務(wù)在顳枕區(qū)誘發(fā)了N170，且N170的平均波幅在右側(cè)腦區(qū)大于左側(cè)腦區(qū)；Simon任務(wù)在額區(qū)和中央?yún)^(qū)誘發(fā)了P200，蒙語(yǔ)條件下不一致時(shí)的P200平均波幅大于一致時(shí)，漢語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)條件下一致與不一致時(shí)的平均波幅無(wú)區(qū)別；Simon任務(wù)在頂區(qū)和頂枕區(qū)誘發(fā)了P300，蒙語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)條件下一致與不一致時(shí)的平均波幅無(wú)區(qū)別，英語(yǔ)條件下不一致時(shí)頂區(qū)P300的平均波幅小于一致時(shí)。 本研究得出以下結(jié)論： （1）平衡蒙漢雙語(yǔ)者詞匯空間信息與物理位置空間信息存在共享語(yǔ)義表征。 （2）語(yǔ)言熟練程度影響雙語(yǔ)者空間詞匯與共享語(yǔ)義表征的聯(lián)結(jié)強(qiáng)度，平衡熟練的語(yǔ)言與共享表征的聯(lián)結(jié)強(qiáng)度強(qiáng)于非熟練語(yǔ)言。。 （3）語(yǔ)言經(jīng)驗(yàn)影響雙語(yǔ)者空間詞匯與共享語(yǔ)義表征的聯(lián)結(jié)強(qiáng)度，二語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)為主導(dǎo)語(yǔ)言時(shí)，已形成的一語(yǔ)詞匯與共享表征聯(lián)結(jié)更強(qiáng)的模式轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槎Z(yǔ)與共享表征聯(lián)結(jié)更強(qiáng)的新模式。 （4）語(yǔ)言熟練度對(duì)共享表征的影響在腦皮層活動(dòng)方面表現(xiàn)為N170和P300的差異性變化。 本研究采用空間詞不對(duì)稱判斷與Simon判斷混合范式，從行為和腦兩個(gè)層次再次驗(yàn)證，語(yǔ)言熟練程度影響雙語(yǔ)者兩種語(yǔ)言詞匯與共享語(yǔ)義表征的聯(lián)結(jié)強(qiáng)度，支持了Kroll和Stewart（1994）的修正層級(jí)模型。
[Abstract]:This paper studies the characteristics of the linkage between the two languages and the concept representation of the bilingual people by using cross - language semantic initiation , lexical association and peer - to - peer translation .

The results showed that the Simon effect between Chinese and Mongolian in the bilingual group had no significant difference , that is , there was no difference in the effects of Chinese and Mongolian in the bilingual group .

The results show that there is no significant difference in Simon ' s effect in Chinese and Mongolian conditions , that is , the effect of Chinese and Mongolian on Simon effect is not different ;
The difference of Simon effect in Mongolian and English is significant , and the effect of Mongolian on Simon effect is more than English ;
The difference of Simon effect in Chinese and English is significant , and the effect of Chinese on Simon effect is more than English .

The results show that the Simon effect in Chinese and Mongolian conditions is significant , and the influence of Chinese vocabulary judgment on Simon effect is more than Mongolian .

The effect of different language proficiency on semantic representation was investigated from the perspective of brain activity . The results showed that the spatial lexical asymmetry assessment task induced N170 in the temporal occipital region , and the average amplitude of N170 was greater in the right brain region than in the left brain region .
Simon ' s task evoked P200 in the frontal and central areas , and the average amplitude of P200 was greater than that in the same time when the Mongolian conditions were inconsistent .
The results of Simon ' s task in the top region and the top pillow region evoked the difference between the mean amplitude and the mean wave amplitude when the agreement and inconsistency between Chinese and Mongolian and Chinese conditions were consistent and inconsistent .

The following conclusions are drawn from this study :

( 1 ) There is a shared semantic representation of the spatial information and the spatial information of the physical location of the bilingual person in the balanced Mongolian and Chinese .

( 2 ) The language proficiency affects the coupling strength between the bilingual person ' s spatial vocabulary and the shared semantic representation , and the connection strength of the balanced skilled language and the shared representation is stronger than that of the non - skilled language .

( 3 ) The language experience affects the connection strength between the bilingual spatial vocabulary and the shared semantic representation , and when the second language is converted to the dominant language , the pattern that has been formed is changed into a new model which is stronger than the shared representation coupling .

( 4 ) The influence of language proficiency on the shared representation was the difference between N170 and P 300 in cerebral cortex activity .

This study uses spatial word asymmetry judgement and Simon ' s decision to judge mixed paradigm . From the two levels of behavior and brain , it is verified that the language proficiency affects the coupling strength between the two language words and the shared semantic representation of the bilingual person , which supports the revised hierarchical model of Kroll and Stewart ( 1994 ) .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B842.5

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