【摘要】： 本文探討中世紀(jì)英國有關(guān)暴君暴政的理論與暴君暴政的實(shí)際;并且,作為探源,也探討了暴君暴政概念的古典起源和在中世紀(jì)早期的發(fā)展。文章結(jié)構(gòu)如下: 第一章緒論。首先介紹了選題價(jià)值。作者認(rèn)為雖然國內(nèi)外在中世紀(jì)英國王權(quán)、憲政研究方面已成體系,但是對暴君暴政現(xiàn)象的研究還欠缺集中、系統(tǒng)。而研究這一問題,對于深入理解英國封建王權(quán)的性質(zhì)、特征具有重要意義。緒論部分也介紹了國內(nèi)外對于本題目的相關(guān)研究狀況和本文的資料引用情況。 第二章主要論述了有關(guān)暴君暴政觀念的起源和早期發(fā)展。古希臘文獻(xiàn)作品中出現(xiàn)了最早的接近“暴君”的概念。柏拉圖、亞里士多德、西塞羅等古典作家相繼賦予了這個(gè)概念新的含義。進(jìn)入中世紀(jì)后,對于“暴君”的指控權(quán)掌握在了教會(huì)的手中。教會(huì)最先要求人們服從暴君的統(tǒng)治。日耳曼民族統(tǒng)治歐洲后,教會(huì)又結(jié)合日耳曼的習(xí)俗和觀念掌握了宣布某個(gè)國王為暴君的權(quán)力,保證了人們的反抗權(quán)。 第三章主要介紹了中世紀(jì)英國典型的有關(guān)暴君暴政的理論。其中包括索爾茲伯里的約翰的理論及其對后世法學(xué)家的影響,以及都鐸王朝時(shí)期有關(guān)暴君暴政的觀念。 第四章介紹了暴君暴政在中世紀(jì)英國的實(shí)際表現(xiàn),包括基本特征、殘暴行徑、與教會(huì)的沖突等等。 第五章是結(jié)語,總結(jié)了本文的基本論點(diǎn):雖然中世紀(jì)英國的憲政主義相對于東方封建王朝來說發(fā)達(dá),但這并不能掩蓋封建王朝下英國君主與東方君主相似的暴君暴政行徑。國王作為封建社會(huì)的主要象征之一,制度在賦予他們權(quán)力的同時(shí)也帶給了他們不可避免的缺陷。
[Abstract]:This paper probes into the theory of tyrant tyranny in medieval England and the practice of tyrant tyranny, and, as a source of exploration, also discusses the classical origin of the concept of tyrant tyranny and its development in the early Middle Ages. The structure of the article is as follows: the first chapter is introduction. First of all, the value of topic selection is introduced. The author thinks that although there has been a systematic study on the constitutional government of Wang Quan in medieval England at home and abroad, the research on the phenomenon of tyrant tyranny is still lacking in concentration and systematicness. The study of this issue is of great significance to the understanding of the nature and characteristics of feudal Wang Quan in England. The introduction also introduces the domestic and foreign research on this topic and the citation of this paper. The second chapter mainly discusses the origin and early development of the concept of tyrant tyranny. The earliest concept of "tyrant" appeared in ancient Greek literature. Plato, Aristotle, Cicero and other classical writers have given this concept a new meaning. After entering the Middle Ages, the charge against the tyrant was in the hands of the church. The church was the first to demand obedience to the rule of a tyrant. After the Germanic nation ruled Europe, the church controlled the power of declaring a king as a tyrant and guaranteed people's right of revolt in combination with Germanic customs and ideas. The third chapter mainly introduces the theory of tyrant tyranny in medieval England. It includes the theory of John of Salisbury and its influence on the jurists of later generations, as well as the concept of tyrant and tyranny during the Tudor dynasty. The fourth chapter introduces the actual performance of tyrant tyranny in medieval England, including the basic characteristics, cruelty, conflict with the church and so on. The fifth chapter is the conclusion, which summarizes the basic argument of this paper: although the constitutionalism of medieval England is more developed than that of the Eastern feudal Dynasty, it can not cover up the tyrant tyranny of the British monarch and the eastern monarch under the feudal dynasty. King as one of the main symbols of feudal society, the system gave them power, but also brought them inevitable defects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：K561.3

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